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First published 1983 (DOST Vol. V).
This entry has not been updated since then but may contain minor corrections and revisions.

Pine, Pyne, v. Also: pyine; pynn-. P.t. and p.p., also pynd(e, pind. [ME. and e.m.E. pine, pyne to torment, suffer (rare, appar. obs. after c 1386), consume, languish, also long eagerly (1592), cause (fish) to shrink (once, 1641; intr. in this sense, 1681), OE. Pínian f. píne Pine n.¹ Cf. MDu., MLG. Pînen, ON. Pína torment, punish.] To pine, in various senses.

1. tr. To afflict (a person, also an animal) with, chiefly bodily, suffering; to torment; also, to distress. b. To do this by way of punishment, torture or penance.(1) (a) a1400 Leg. S. xli. 125.
He can hir assalȝe … & pyne hire, til scho granttit do His sonnis ȝarnyng c1420 Wynt. v. 283.
He wald offt gere pyne and sla Thewys Ib. iii. 961 (W).
Pynand 1531 Bell. Boece II. 391.
With quhat cruel and horrible torment thay sall pine us a1585 Maitl. Q. lxvi. 87.
[The fowler who] in ane cadge … The sillie bird full painfullie dois pyne [: ingyne](b) c1420 Wynt. vii. 1295.
Bot this Downald in a downgeowne Thai kest … And pynyd hym thare, but mete, drynkles, Qwhill dede … he wes c1475 Wall. ii. 236.
In Inglismen … quhi suld we trow, Our worthy kyn at pynit on this wys? Ib. viii. 1350.
In presone syne lang tyme thai pynit me a1500 Colk. Sow i. 116.
The pure pig gaif a rore Him to kill quhen thay pynit [: quhrynit] 1596 Dalr. II. 39/20.
That pane with quhilk he pynet his wyfe(c) a1400 Leg. S. Prol. 88.
Quhen scho saw hou the Iouys ded Vith hyme … The quhilk that scho saw pynit thare c1420 Wynt. iii. 932, 935.
For thare entre That wytht in [sc. a brass bull] sulde pynyde be … a gret fyre made abowt Sulde ger the pynyde [C. pynyt] wytht-in rare 1528 Lynd. Dreme 270. 1563 Balfour Pract. 608.
Deliverit … to be imprisonit and pynit for his offence 1558-66 Knox I. 194.
Thare is no purgatorie, in the which the saules of men can eyther be pyned or purged after this lyef a1568 Scott ii. 93. 1567 G. Ball. 119.
Thy pure that ar in bandis, In prisoun pynde 1567 G. Ball. 25. a1605 Montg. Misc. P. v. 5.
My persone is in prisone pynit [: vnkind, mind] 15.. Black Bk. Taymouth 154/73.
Fast into fetteris fessonit and sair pynd [: mynd](b) a1568 Bann. MS. 54 a/62.
Quhairfoir sowld I my ȝowtheid spill Pynnand [v.r. pyn-] my self 1572-5 Diurn. Occurr. 262.
Ane minister … wes extramelie pynnit in the beittis lang of befoir, and borne to the jebbat(2) c1420 Wynt. viii. 5104.
In gret distres the comownys ware Pynyde to dede [W. and deit] in hungyre [C. hungyr sare] For … Gret wastyng in the land he made 1560 Rolland Seven S. 3314.
All this nicht … Was this py pynit, almaist vnto the deid a1597-1617 Hist. Jas. VI. 94.
To be … brokin upoun the rowe, and thus pynit to the death 1622 Scot Course of Conformity 75.
It were greater mercie … than to pine them to death with hunger(3) c1475 Wall. vii. 42.
A justice fers and fell … wndretuk to pyne thaim with the cord 1533 Boece ii. xi. 79 b.
Crying deliuer out the tratour king to be pynit with tormentis 1596 Dalr. II. 95/5. Ib. 54/17 (see Pine n.¹ 1).
Mony … suspect to this wickitnes … ar pyned with fyre 1581-1623 James VI Poems I. 56/243.
O reuthles death sould thow deuore Her … whome with thy stounds thow pynde

c. To cause (a lover) distress or ‘pain’. Also absol. a1568 Scott iii. 7.
Thair vntrewth Quhilkis hes no petie thocht ȝour hairtis be pynd Ib. xx. 38.
My corps … Quhy suld it so be drest Be thé, and daly pynd? 1570 Sat. P. x. 146.
Sall I be thus with Cupide pynde? a1585 Maitl. Q. xxxviii. 16.
Sorrow sensyne Dois still me pyine c1590 J. Stewart 12/15.
Grayt Iupiter he [Cupid] monie tyms hes pynd c1600 Montg. Suppl. xxv. 4.
Pyneit vith the presence of my lady sueitabsol. c1600 Montg. Suppl. v. 2.
Sen thou [Cupid] takis pastym for to pyne

2. passive. To be tormented or afflicted by (with) suffering, want or disease. Passing into: b. To become exhausted, emaciated or worn out; to waste away.Also reflex., to wear oneself out; and tr. and fig., ? to wear out (a nonmaterial thing).(1) a1487 Gud Wyf & D. 289.
Thai ar pynit with pouerte Quhilk gret neid gerris thar hertis de 1531 Bell. Boece I. 191.
Howbeit he was agit, and pinit with the gout Ib. II. 60.
His body wes pinit sa but remeid of medicine that he micht have na rest 1533 Boece i. viii. 53 b.
Thai thocht strange sic men suld be pynit and ouresett with seiknes c 1556 Knox IV. 109.
That nane of thame ar pynit and consumit a1605 Montg. Ch. & Slae 739 (W).
To quench his deadly drouth Quhilk pynis him, and dwinis him To deid Id. Son. lxi. 7.
Of sik a kyn[d] That in hir birth hir persone war not py [nd] 1600-1610 Melvill 137.
A heavie tertian fever … quhilk pynned me extreamlie 1604-31 Craig ii. 87.
I wept for thee … behold how I am pind 1619 Scot Narr. 270.
Better be pyned to dead for hunger than … to perish for ever(2) 1613 Haddington Corr. 123.
That … ye sould pyne yourself with long and verresum jornays, and indanger your self [etc.] 1611-57 Mure Dido & Æneas i. 961.
Thus, whill she feeds, she pynes herself away 1629 Boyd Last B. 19.
After the father hath pynned him selfe with scraiping together this thick clay [etc.](3) fig. c1420 Wynt. iv. 795.
Awenture may offt awaille And prowes pynys all [W. puttis till] perelle a1568 Scott xxxiv. 18.
Quhair sensuall lust proceidis All honest lufe is pynd

3. intr. To suffer distress. Passing into: To languish; to become feeble or emaciated; to waste away.To pyne away, id.(1) a1500 Sir Eger 2385.
She would no longer pine a1568 Bann. MS. 243 a/26.
The nar the flamb the hettar fyre The moir I pyne ȝit I persew a1568 Scott xxvii. 20.
Scho will nocht thoill to se Me pyne a1585 Maitl. Q. xxxviii. 50.
The day I dwyine The nicht I pyine 1591 Crim. Trials I. ii. 250.
Your husband contractit ane heavie diseis, and pynit thairin mony monethis a1598 Ferg. Prov. No. 381.
He that hes na geir to tyne, hes shins to pine 1604-31 Craig i. 17.
What woonder I through lake of presence pine? 1637 Rutherford Lett. (1671) 185.
Fy, fy upon us who … doe not pine & melt away with loue for Christ 1681 Colvil Whig's Suppl. (1751) 33.
And their severe slighting of wine Makes them so with the cholic pine(2) a1538 Abell 69 a.
Quhair in the king wes seik and pinyt awa 1590–1 Crim. Trials I. ii. 240.
Ane bony small pictour of ȝallow walx … that, as it sould melt away before the fyre, swa sould that man, quhais pictour it was, conswme and pyne away 1607 Ib. II. 524. 1619 Ib. III. 467.
That … he dwynet and pynet away to the tyme of his daith 1632 Justiciary Cases I. 211.
Scho dwynet and pynet away with horrible and continuall sueitting ane lang space

4. tr. Chiefly Sc.: To cause (fish) to shrink in the process of curing; to dry by exposure to the weather after salting.Also in the later dial., and in the mod. north-eastern dial. Cf. north. Eng. pine = dessicate, also intr. (North Yks.) = shrink, contract. 1560 Aberd. B. Rec. XXIV (J).
The fische wes nocht pynit nor rypit aneucht 1584 Edinb. B. Rec. IV. 343.
The heiring to be callour slayne … weill guttet, saltet, and pynet 1630 Berw. Nat. C. XIII. 15.
You shall not pack any unclean, rustye, or unpined salmon, but such as are good, sweet, red, salt, sault, well pined, and merchantable fish 1641 Acts V. 417/2.
That the same [salmon] be well pyned in the pickle before the packing therof 1681 Purves Revenue Crown 77.
While the grein herring setle & be sufficiently pyned for … barrelling 1692 Conv. Burghs IV. 154.
Noe salmond may in tyme coming be salted, pyned, or cured for export bot with Spanish or French salt 1720 Ib. V. 231.