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A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue (up to 1700)

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First published 1963 (DOST Vol. III).
This entry has not been updated since then but may contain minor corrections and revisions.

He, pers. pron. Also: hee, hie; acc. and dat. him, hime, hym(m, hyme, hem; poss. his, is, hys, hysse, hes, heis, hus. [ME. hee, he, OE. ; ME. and OE. him, hym (ME. also hime, hyme; OE. acc. hine); ME. and OE. his, hys (ME. also is, hes, hus).] He.

1. In the usual pronominal uses.(1) 1375 Barb. i. 188.
To Scotland went he than
Ib. iii. 196.
Wtraly wencusyt is he
a1400 Leg. S. i. 33.
Of the bate he lape belyfe … Sic ardent luf till hym had he
c1420 Wynt. v. 3550.
The Saxonis … abawndonde he
1456 Hay II. 6/25.
He slepit apon his palfray
1490 Irland Mir. I. 5/18.
Thus reulis … he the waurld
c1500-c1512 Dunb. iv. 61.
Holland & Barbour he [Death] has berevit
1531 Bell. Boece II. 298.
Als sone as he was awalkinnit, he schew his visioun
1580 Cath. Tr. 68/35.
That same flesche hie geawe ws to eatte
c1616 Hume Brit. Tongue 28.
He is a fat wether
(2) c1420 Ratis R. 82.
Quhat is hee For-out trespas that here can leif?
Ib. 163.
He that is baith hail and feire
c1475 Wall. iv. 83.
Than knew thai weille that it was he … That argownd thaim befor
a1568 Scott iii. 40.
Maist witt hes hie that moniest owrsylis

b. He and he, this one and that, the one and the other; one and another. Ony he, any one. (Only in verse.)(1) c1420 Wynt. vii. 1400 (W).
For caus of consanguinite, For thrid and thrid wes he and he
?1438 Alex. i. 2959.
That thairof na thing baith he and he Suld parsonalis and lordis be
a1500 Henr. III. 126/23.
In patience baith he & he Obeid and thankit God of all
1513 Doug. v. x. 75.
Sum tyme at othir threw dartis he and he
1535 Stewart 11639.
Thai raid togidder … Hand for hand rycht hamelie he and he
(2) c1500-c1512 Dunb. xix. 18.
Ȝit will thai say, baythe he and he, Ȝon man is lyke out of his mynd
1513 Doug. v. vii. 39.
The Troianys with hym sammyu, he and he, Murmuryt
Ib. ix. ii. 48.
His feris … , followand thar chyftane, he and he
(3) 1535 Stewart 17332.
I sall preve my self … On ony he that the contrair will sa

c. attrib. Male. (Said of animals, and chiefly in contrast with scho- or sche-.) a1500 Seven S. 2656.
Quhen the hie ravyn vnderstud The scho ravyn wald nocht cum agane
1596 Dalr. I. 50/23.
The hie salmonte haueng castne the meltis and the sche salmonte the rounis
1590 Burel Pilgr. i. iv.
For feir the he fox left the sche

d. Applied to a boat. (Also him). - c1420 Bute MS. fol. 173.
To lade hym [the ship]
c1500 Harl. MS. 4700 fol. 148 b.
Ane vthir schip cumis and strikis him he is hurt [etc.]
1499 Halyb. 161.
Or he [the scout] coutht be lossit

2. him. a. Objective with verbs. 1375 Barb. i. 293.
Wes nane … that hym ne dred
Ib. ix. 465.
He hatit … hyme
a1400 Leg. S. xxv. 723.
As hyme had bydine that laydy
c1420 Wynt. vi. 802.
Thai kest hym downe and lete hym ly
Ib. 866.
Malcolme … that slayne had hyme
1456 Hay II. 11/13.
To honoure him, love him, and dout him
1490 Irland I. 89/7.
Nane tempit him
c1550 Rolland Ct. Venus ii. 947.
Scho tuik him vp and thryis … him amplext
1562-3 Winȝet I. 15/5.
To promot hym to that office

b. Governed by prepositions. 1375 Barb. i. 284.
Off him thai makyt a martyr
a1400 Leg. S. i. 11.
He … sad till hyme this wourd
c1420 Wynt. vi. 809.
Owth hym … thir wers ar wryttyne
1490 Irland Mir. I. 84/11.
This faut in him
1493 Antiq. Aberd. & B. II. 214.
The landis clamyt … to pertene tyl hyme
c1500-c1512 Dunb. G. Targe 108.
The fule wyth hym thay playit
1531 Bell. Boece I. 165.
He had nane sa familiar to him
1533 Gau 12/13.
Or [= ere] ȝe desir ony thinge of hyme
1580 Cath. Tr. 64/29.
To theme quha was familiar with hyme
c1600 Montg. Suppl. xxix. 80.
My trest Sell ever be in hem

c. Reflexive: = Himself. 1375 Barb. i. 142.
He buskyt hym
a1400 Leg. S. i. 31.
He … hym nakyt swith
14.. Acts I. 26/2.
The burges sal clenge hym … agaynis hym at has ado with hym
1456 Hay II. 16/13.
That he … use him in armes
a1500 Gol. & Gaw. 74.
The berne … blenkit hym about
c1515 Asl. MS. I. 239/15.
The erle … put him … in the kingis grace
1531 Bell. Boece I. 56.
Durstus, … for he knew himself gilty, maid him to flee
1549 Compl. 118/18.
Quhon he suld vse hym touart his maister
a1578 Pitsc. I. 352/24.
He kaist him … to bring [etc.]

d. As a dative. 1375 Barb. i. 253.
Giff … his wyff askyt hym hyr det
a1400 Leg. S. xxvii. 423.
Bryngand hyme giftis
1391 Antiq. Aberd. & B. IV. 163.
Hym thocht his request was resounable
?1438 Alex. ii. 2791.
Him durst lytle drede ȝon great deray
a1500 Rauf C. 15.
Him betyde ane tempest
1478 Lennox Mun. 116.
The lord erle … grauntys hyme justice
c1500-c1512 Dunb. lxxxvi. 29.
He gaf hyme na succour
1515 Douglas Corr. 69.
That war to byreif hymm hys croune
a1570-86 Maitl. F. clxxxii. 6.
[God] Quha gaive him long ȝeiris

e. Him allane: see Allane a. 2.

3. his. a. Belonging to, connected with, him.Also, = its.(a) 1375 Barb. i. 525.
As Dares in his buk he wrate
Ib. ii. 1.
The Brus went till his innys
a1400 Leg. S. i. 47.
Fra that his master wes dede
Ib. x. 406.
[Thay] can til hys fet fall
c1420 Wynt. vi. 827.
In hys dayis
Ib. 905.
Bath hys ostis
1447 Rec. Earld. Orkney 189.
To … hysse ayeris and assigneys
c1475 Wall. i. 357.
Wallace hys modyr kyst
Ib. x. 534.
All his wapynnys and his weid
  1494 Loutfut MS. 11 a.
Al gentil men. .may bere this colour. . sua thai be garnist. .with loiaulte for that is his propir virtu
1513 Doug. i. viii. 66.
A place quham the Grekis. .Onto hys name clepis Hesperia
1513 Doug. x. xii. 59.
The bustuus swyne Grasland hys tuskis
1547 Stirling B. Rec. I. 49.
The Protectour of Ingland with his army
1563-1570 Buch. Wr. 9.
The rethorikis of Cicero and hys orationis
  1604 Stewart Mem. 111.
To the said vmquhill Andro. .and heis airis
1657 Balfour Ann. I. 95.
This poet … was hes [sc. Bruce's] auen prissoner
(b) a1400 Leg. S. xxi. 32.
Til that hyre mach had forȝet Is foly
1537 Glasgow Dioc. Reg. I. 110.
Landis … vacand be decesse of … is gudeschir

absol. 1375 Barb. ix. 499.
All that he fand he maid it his
14.. Burgh Laws c. 5 (A).
Giff a burges has lent of his
Ib. c. 91.
Ony land that is his

b. ellipt. Those attached to or connected with a person. Freq. he and his. 1375 Barb. iv. 372.
Quhar he and his oft tholys paynys
Ib. 664.
Him and his … He abandownyt till his serwice
a1400 Leg. S. ii. 860.
Lestand blis That he has grathit for al his
?1438 Alex. ii. 2801.
Ane king … sone disconfit is fra his
c1515 Asl. MS. I. 233/2.
The king suld cum be him selfe and his
1592 Digest Justiciary Proc. P. 34.
Albeit he and his be denudit of the saidis landis

c. Substituted for the inflection -is. 1496 Acta Conc. II. 9.
Be ressone of tak … set be the Kingis hienes his commissionaris
1596 Dalr. I. 75/1.
Gathel his people sa multiplied
Ib. 120/13.
Kennedie his lawis
1606 Antiq. Aberd. & B. IV. 56.
Ombesetting of … Johne Irwin his way
1672 Soc. Ant. XIV. 332.
For grassing of … Robert his work horse

d. His allane, al(l)one, = 2 e.1569 Prot. Bk. J. Scott 87 (see Allane a. 2 b). 1569-73 Bann. Memor. 320.
Gif I had bene ane hundreth, and he his alone [etc.]
1600 Acts IV. 206/1.
This deponar abaid half ane hour … lokkit his allane
c1650 Spalding II. 184.
Then the King suld stand his allone
1659 Glasgow B. Rec. II. 417 (see Allone a. b).

e. His self, = Himself. 1466 (1471) Reg. Great S. 215/1.
Hisself and his aieris haffand [etc.]
  a1500 Rauf C. 626.
Bid him seik him his self, gif thair be sic ane
a1538 Abell 16 a. Ib. 24 a.
For dolor [he] pusont his seif
Ib. 52 a (see *Interpret n.). 1632 Aberd. Council Lett. I. 373.
Lat him keip still the moneyes his selff,. . and so hes tackin the charge upon himself
1686 G. Stuart Joco-Ser. Disc. 8.
He'll say to his sel, Yon's twa Tory tykes

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"He pers. pron.". Dictionary of the Scots Language. 2004. Scottish Language Dictionaries Ltd. Accessed 2 Dec 2024 <http://www.dsl.ac.uk/entry/dost/he_pers_pron>

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