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A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue (up to 1700)

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First published 1983 (DOST Vol. V).
This entry has not been updated since then but may contain minor corrections and revisions.

Pen(n)ance, n. Also: -ans, -aunce, -ence, -ens; penentis; panence. [ME. and e.m.E. penaunce (c 1290), -ans (a 1300), -ance (c 1330), pennaunce (14th c.), pennans (1556), AF. penaunce, OF. peneance, -aance, -ance, pennance (12th c. in Godef.), f. L. pænitēntia Penitence n.] Penance, in the usual senses.

1. Penitence, repentance. b. As one of the sacraments.Also personified.(1) a1400 Leg. S. vi. 421.
That in lele pennance we suld dwel
Ib. xviii. 549.
Pennans
Ib. xxix. 2.
Penance
c1490 Irland Asl. MS. I. 4/4.
I haue … preponit to wryte … mekle of the hie and salutar mater of pennance
Id. Mir. fol. 280.
The ferd motive induceand men to pennaunce is the gret certitud … of ded
a1499 Contempl. Sinn. 877 (Asl.).
Pennans
1513 Doug. iv. Prol. 181.
God grant … ȝe turn ȝou to pennans
1528 Lynd. Dreme 191.
Pennence
1535 Stewart 35313.
Amang the kirkmen rycht contemplatyve In greit pennance
a1538 Abell 9* a.
Penens is peralus to be deferrit to the hend
1562-3 Winȝet I. 107/19.
Thir thre partis of pennance abone specifiit
a1568 Scott xxxvi. 71.
Pennens of spreit thow noit despyis
1570 Leslie 96.
To dryfe furth the rest of his dayis in pennance
(2) c1450 Cr. Deyng (S.T.S.) 245.
The sacrament of penans and schrift
c1490 Irland Asl. MS. I. 8/25.
The haly sacrament of pennance … has thre partis
1551 Hamilton Cat. 18. 1561 Q. Kennedy Compendious Ressonyng (ed.) 181/12.
The sacrament of baptyme and the sacrament of pennance
(3) personified. c1500-c1512 Dunb. xlii. 12.
To go … Ontill the castell of pennance
Ib. lxxii. 127.
Penance did walk the house within

2. The performance of some act of self-mortification in token of repentance and for satisfaction of sin; such action as officially enjoined by the priest or minister.Also once in a secular application: see (4).Also coll. or uninfl. plur.(1) 1375 Barb. xv. 104 (E).
Swa that thai mycht that haly tid In pennance and in prayer bid
a1400 Leg. S. xxx. 596.
Thare-for wald scho sic penance tak
Ib. xxxiv. 206.
The bischope … Iniungit hyr heileful pennance
c1420 Wynt. v. 2880.
That he suld tholle and bare pennans Quha-ewyr [etc.]
c1420 Ratis R. 753. a1500 Henr. Fab. 714 (Bann.).
To the thrid pairte [sc. of confession] of pennance lat ws ga
Ib. 794. c1490 Irland Asl. MS. I. 24/4.
Pennance
a1499 Contempl. Sinn. 637 (Asl.).
Pennans
?a1500 Remembr. Passion 325.
Pennance
c1500-c1512 Dunb. ix. 93 (M).
Of vndone pennence and satisfactioun sure
Ib. xc. 2.
Pennence
c1520-c1535 Nisbet Matth. iii. 2.
Pennaunce
1531 Bell. Boece II. 116.
vii douchteris quhilk levit with him in gret pennance on beir breid and wattir
a1538 Abell 84 b.
And eftirwert did gret pennance
c1536 Lynd. Compl. Bagsche 96. c1540 Id. Kitteis Conf. 71.
[The priest] gaue me pennance ilk ane day Ane Aue Marie for to say
Arundel MS. 148 a/114.
Grant me to do pennance for my synnis
a1585 Polwart Flyt. 45 (T).
And to mak pennance [H. And drie pennaunce] sone prepair thé
1644 Strathbogie Presb. 48.
How the said Mr. Richard vas guiltie of selling pennance for money, … he had taken four dolouris from vmquhill William Creichtoun for his fornicatioun and had never brought to publict repentance
1668 Dumbarton B. Rec. App. 9.
Jonet Allan entered to penance upon the public plaice in sackcloith
(2) a1400 Leg. S. xviii. 252.
In Godis name For quham this penans thou has tane
c1420 Wynt. v. 3824.
Yhoure part is, fadyre, till injwne The pennans that yhe wald war dwne
1490 Irland Mir. I. 49/35.
And thou complet that pennaunce jniunyt in this lif
1560 Rolland Seven S. 7645.
Suld I not … On my persoun sum pennance for to take
1590–1 Crim. Trials I. ii. 217.
The Divell … enjoyned them all to a pennance
coll. c1540 Lynd. Kitteis Conf. 81.
Of all his pennance I was glaid I had thame all parqueir
(3) a1400 Leg. S. iii. 155.
Sa suld that ald his penance mak In prayer, almus and in wakk
c1420 Wynt. v. 2873.
Lowsyd qwyte off thare pennans
Ib. viii. 3219.
He … fullfillyd his pennans welle
c1490 Irland Asl. MS. I. 6/5.
Or thi pennance be sufficient and meritor to clenge thi synnis
Ib. 4/25. c1500-c1512 Dunb. xxv. 10.
Ȝe heremeitis … That takis your pennance at your tablis
1534–5 Prot. Bk. Sir J. Cristisone 35.
That na bonnet cum one his heid the tyme of his pennance
1586 St. A. Kirk S. 579.
The sessioun … ordanit him to be ressavit agane to humiliation and his pennens absolvit Sonday nixttocum
(4) 1479 Newburgh B. Ct. 23 b.
Henry Tomsone wys in amersyment for fawt of entres to the curt … & tyll entyr to the ferde curt as day of penentis

3. a. Punishment. b. Suffering. c. Deprivation.a., b. (a) 1375 Barb. xix. 51 (E).
Tharfor sone eftre he wes sent Till his pennance [1571 panis] to Dunbertane
c1420 Wynt. iii. 912.
For ay in a delyt wes he Men towrmentid in payne to se And for to se thaire kowntenans That thai wald mak in thaire pennans
Ib. vii. 1533.
Quhat wes sum tyme thi pennans? Befor my dede my hewy chans
c1420 Ratis R. (S.T.S.) 767.
And gyf he hapnis sua [sc. in mortal sin] to de It is na dout his sawll sal dre To mekle pennans and to fell Gyf he enchapis the pyne of hell
a1500 Quare Jel. 108.
Allace hir chere … For to behald it was a grete pennaunce
c1500-50 Brevis Cronica 324.
Merlyng … deceissit with greit pennance
1535 Stewart 41225. Ib. 49243.
With grit pennance tha la In strang presoun
1596 Dalr. I. 194/25.
Quha violates the statutes … he receiue due pennance conforme to the institutiounis of the countreye
(b) c1500-c1512 Dunb. lxiii. 73 (M).
And ȝit more panence wald I haue Had I rewarde amang the laif
c. 1531 Bell. Boece I. ii.
Ane hes that mycht ane hundreth weil sustene And leiffis in wo and pennance at his table And of gud fallois comptis nocht ane bene

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"Penance n.". Dictionary of the Scots Language. 2004. Scottish Language Dictionaries Ltd. Accessed 29 Mar 2024 <http://www.dsl.ac.uk/entry/dost/pennance>

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