INTRODUCTION §36. Words with original ō in Scand. are cooth (young coal-fish), loof (palm), roose (praise), Fuirsday (Thursday).1 § 37. Romance words with original u [y] b rute. truit, use, n., tune, schule, puir, meuve (move), refuse, use, v., sure.2 § 38. O.E. ū, h.bk.t.r. In Older Sc. it is written u, w, ou, ow. This vowel has remained unchanged in quality, but is generally fully long only be fare [r, z, ð, v,] or in final accented position. In Mod.Eng. ū has developed into a diphthong [au] spelled ou and ow.

§ 38.1
	O.E.	Mod.Sc.	Mod.Eng.
	brūn	broon	brown
	clūd (a rounded mass)	clood + clud	cloud
	dūfe	doo	dove
	dūn	doon	down
	hūs	hoose	house
	mūð	moo	mouth
	mūs	moose	mouse
	scūr	scoor	scour
	sūr	soor	sour
	sūtere	souter	[shoemaker]
	ðūma	thoom	thumb
§ 38.2
	brū	broo	brow
	cū	coo	cow
	hū	hoo	how
	nū	noo	now

§ 39. Scand. [u:] — boun (ready), cour (cower). droop, stroup (spout of kettle).3 § 40. Romance [u:] — allow, bouat (a lantern), count, doubt, gown (Celtic), powder, round.4 § 41. O.E. ē from various sources, (1) North. ē, w.Saxon æ, (2) ēo, (3) i-umlaut of ō, ēa, (4) ēh, becomes ee [i] in Sc., as generally also in Eng. — e.g. (1) cheese, deed, sleep, (2) bee, creep, knee, (3) grieve (farm overseer), teeth, wheen (a few), hear, (4) heich. In breist, freend, seek, for breast, friend, sick, Sc. retains the [i] vowel. § 42. Some Romance words, with this e sound originally, have kept it [e] in some Sc. dialects — e.g. beast, cheat, cream, creature, deceit, ease, please, reason, season.5 § 43. O.E. ī (h.bk.t.) and y (h.bk.t.r.) are diphthongised as in Mod.Eng. In Sc. the diphthong [&schwa;&sci;] is in general use. In some dialects, before the consonants [r, z, ð, v] and in final accented position the sounds [a&sci; + a&sci;] are common but not universal. Examples: wyce (wise), wyte (blame), bide (remain), kye, hive, fire.6 § 44. Scand. [i] — grice (pig), sile (fry of fish), sile (to strain), tyke, lythe (shelter), tyne(lose).7 § 45. Romance [i] — advice, fine, cry, sybo (an onion). When the Romance word came into Scots after this change was completed the ee [i] remains as in item, licence, oblige, liberal.8 Diphthongs in Mod.Sc. § 46. i diphthongs (1) [a&sci;, a&sci;. &schwa;i] from O.E. ī, y. Scand. ī, y and Romance ī, see § 43; (2) [&openo;&sci;, o&sci;] from O.Fr. oi, ui. The diphthong oi [o&sci; + &openo;&sci;] is found in Sc. as in boy, ploy, foy (a farewell feast), but in most words which have oi in St.Eng., Scots has [&schwa;i] — e.g. avoid, boil (v.), choice, coin, join, oil, ointment, oyster, point, poison [p&schwa;izn, pu&zh.n, p&turnv;&zh.n], soil, spoil, voice, but see § 105.2. § 47. u diphthongs, ow, owe [&turnv;u], (1) from O.E. ow, see § 35.5; (2) from O.E. og, see § 66.2; O.E. ol, see § 78.2; (3) from Scand. au — e.g. dowf (dull), gowk (cuckoo), gowpen, howe (hillock), cowp (trade), lowp (leap), lowse (loose), nowt (cattle), rowp (auction, v.), rowan; (4) eu, ew [&sci;u (ju, j&turnv;)], from O.E. ōh, ēaw — e.g. eneuch, teuch, dewfew.9 1 ky&thgr;, lyf + luf, rø:z + ru:z, ′fo:rzd&scirtail;. 2 bryt, fryt, jys, tyn, skyl, pø:r, mø:v r&schwa;′f)j)o:z, jo:z, &sh.ø:r. 3 bun, ku:r, drup, strup. 4 &schwa;′lu:, ′bu&schwa;t, kunt, dut, gun, ′pud&schwa;r + ′puð&schwa;r, run(d). 5 best, t&sh.et, krem, ′kret&schwa;r, d&sci;′set, e:z, ple:z, ′re:z&schwa;n, ′se:z&schwa;n. 6 w&schwa;is, w&schwa;it, b&schwa;id, ka&sci;, ha&sci;v, fa&sci;&schwa;r + &schwa;ij&schwa;r. 7 gr&schwa;is, s&schwa;il (bis), t&schwa;ik, l&schwa;iþ + la&sci;ð, t&schwa;in. 8 &schwa;d′v&schwa;is, f&schwa;in, kra&sci;, ′s&schwa;ibo + ′sa&sci;bo: ′it&schwa;m, ′li&sh.&schwa;ns, &schwa;′blid&zh., ′libr&schwa;l. 9 &sci;′niux, &schwa;′njux, &schwa;′nj&turnv;x; t&sci;ux, tjux, tj&turnv;x; d&sci;u:, dju:; fiu:, fju:.